Hepatitis is an inflammation of the liver, most commonly caused by a viral infection. There are other possible causes of hepatitis: exposure to toxic substances (like alcohol, drugs/medications) and autoimmune diseases. Hepatitis can be a self-limiting condition or it can progress to fibrosis (scarring), cirrhosis, liver failure or liver cancer.

FAQs Archive - VIRCAN

Q: How can viral hepatitis be prevented?

The first step in preventing viral hepatitis is to get tested for hepatitis B and C viral infection. Fortunately, there are effective vaccines readily available for the prevention of hepatitis A and B viral infection. In addition, avoidance of sharing needles, syringes or other sharp objects, safe sex practices, and consumption of clean, safe food and water are all good measures to take in terms of preventing viral hepatitis. Screening for blood to be used in transfusions significantly reduced the transmission of viral hepatitis.

Q: What are the current barriers to diagnosis and treatment?

The public is often unaware of their personal risk of viral hepatitis and infection status, or is unable to access care. Many healthcare providers are unable to assess risk and don’t test appropriately when risk factors are present. When patients are diagnosed, there is a lack of referral and an inadequate number of providers with the knowledge base and comfort level required to treat the infected population.

Q: What impact does viral hepatitis have in Canada, specifically?

In Canada, hepatitis C and hepatitis B cause a greater burden of illness than any other infectious disease in the country, surpassing pneumonia, human papilloma virus (HPV), and HIV/AIDS.